Step 1: Kindly follow my intital post to understand how java script can be used in Content Editor Web Part.
Step 2: Refer here to understand about SPServices. This is specialized Jquery to execute SharePoint related operations.
Step 3: Refer here to understand more about SPServices.GetListItems.
Step 5: Create a custom List and populate with records.
Step 6: Write the following code in a text. save as html. upload into SharePoint Document Library. Link this html page to content editor web part or Write code in Web Part's text editor directly.
<html>
<head>
<SCRIPT type=text/javascript src="http://MySPSite.com/sites/test/DocLib/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT type=text/javascript src="http://MySPSite.com/sites/test/DocLib/jquery.SPServices-0.7.2.min.js"></SCRIPT>
<title>Contents from MycustomList</title>
</head>
<body>
<table id="myDataTable" border =1 width="95%" align="center">
<tr align='left' bgcolor="lightBlue">
<td><B>ID</B></td>
<td><B>Department</B></td>
<td><B>Project</B></td>
<td><B>To Do</B></td>
<td><B>End Date</B></td>
</tr>
</table>
<SCRIPT type=text/javascript>
get() ;
function get()
{
var method = "GetListItems";
var webURL = $().SPServices.SPGetCurrentSite() ;
var list = "MyCustomList";
var fieldsToRead = "<ViewFields>"+"<FieldRef Name='Name' />" +"</ViewFields>";
var query = "<Query><OrderBy><FieldRef Name='ID' Ascending='True' /></OrderBy></Query>";
$().SPServices
({
operation: method,
async: false,
webURL: webURL,
listName: list,
CAMLViewFields: "<ViewFields Properties='True' />",
CAMLQuery: query,
completefunc: function (xData, Status)
{
$(xData.responseXML).SPFilterNode("z:row").each(function()
{
var ID = $(this).attr("ows_ID");
var title = $(this).attr("ows_Title");
var Dept = $(this).attr("ows_Department");
var Project = $(this).attr("ows_Project");
var EndDate = $(this).attr("ows_End_x0020_Date");
$("#myDataTable").append("<tr align='middle'>" +
$("#myDataTable").append("<tr align='middle'>" +
"<td align='left'>"+ID+"</td>" +
"<td align='left'>"+ title+"</td>" +
"<td align='left'>"+ Dept+"</td>" +
"<td align='left'>"+ Project+"</td>" +
"<td align='left'>"+ EndDate+"</td>" + "</tr>");
});
}
});
};
</script>
</body>